Which client manifestation indicates obesity according to nursing assessments?

Obesity is typically determined by various metrics, one of which is the percentage of body weight above the ideal. When a client is assessed and found to weigh 28% above their ideal body weight, this indicates a significant excess of weight relative to what is considered healthy for their height and body structure. This level of excess weight is consistent with the classification of obesity and reflects an increased risk for numerous health problems, such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and hypertension.

The other options, while they provide information about different weight and health measures, do not meet the criteria for obesity. A BMI of 24, for instance, falls within the normal weight range, as a BMI of 25 or higher indicates overweight. Similarly, a waist circumference of 81.3 cm may not reach the threshold for obesity, depending on the guidelines used, as measurements for women should generally be over 88 cm and for men over 102 cm to classify as at risk of obesity-related complications. Lastly, a body fat percentage of 22% is also within a healthy range for many adults, as acceptable body fat percentages typically fall between 10%-20% for men and 18%-28% for women. Thus, the manifestation of being 28% above ideal